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Joan E. Donoghue (born December 12, 1957) is an American jurist, and a Judge on the International Court of Justice. She was elected to that post in 2010 and re-elected in 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=General Assembly document GA/10978 )〕〔(International Court of Justice biography ). Accessed December 4, 2010.〕 She has two sons, Adam and Casey Shamma. Donoghue graduated from the University of California, Santa Cruz, with honors degrees in Russian Studies and in Biology, in 1978, and the Boalt Hall School of Law, of the University of California, Berkeley, with her Juris Doctor, in 1981.〔 In the 1980s, Donoghue acted as attorney-advisor for the U.S. in ''Nicaragua v. United States''.〔 She was the General Counsel of Freddie Mac from 2003 to 2005, and served as Deputy Legal Adviser at the United States State Department from 2007 to 2010.〔 ==International Court of Justice== Donoghue was elected to the ICJ on September 9, 2010 to fill the place left vacant by the resignation of Thomas Buergenthal. Pursuant to the Statute of the International Court of Justice, Donoghue completed the remainder of the nine-year term for which Buergenthal had been elected, which expired on February 5, 2015.〔 Donoghue's name had been the only nomination for this ICJ vacancy received by the Secretary-General within the specified time. (After the expiration of the deadline for submissions of nominations, the Secretariat received communications from the national group of Colombia also nominating a candidate.) In the General Assembly, Donoghue received 159 votes out of 167 valid ballots (there were 8 abstentions).〔 In the Security Council, she received all 15 votes.〔 Donoghue was sworn in as a member of the ICJ on September 13, 2010. Although the ICJ was established in 1945, Donoghue was only the third woman elected to be a member of the Court. Of the Court's 15 members, three are now female (the others are Xue Hanqin, sworn in on the same day as Donoghue, and Julia Sebutinde, who joined the Court in 2012).〔 In 2014, Donoghue was nominated for a second term on the ICJ, and was easly re-elected with 156 votes in the first round of voting at the International Court of Justice judges election, 2014. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joan Donoghue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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